Previous Studies: A Methodological Necessity or a Research Asset?

Abstract

This study examines the problem of using previous studies in scientific research by exploring their methodological and practical dimensions and identifying the common mistakes researchers, particularly doctoral students, make when engaging with them. It aims to clarify how previous studies can be effectively utilized and integrated into the various stages of the research process, rather than merely presenting their content and compiling information from them. The study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach by defining previous studies, explaining their functions in scientific research, analyzing patterns of utilization and the methodological errors associated with them, and proposing practical strategies to overcome these shortcomings and enhance their effective use. The study finds that the scientific value of previous studies is not achieved merely by presenting or summarizing them, but rather through their analysis, critical evaluation, and integration with the research topic, as well as their use in formulating the research problem, developing hypotheses, selecting appropriate methods and instruments, and interpreting findings. It also concludes that the effective use of previous studies contributes to strengthening the originality of scientific research, consolidating its methodological foundations, and avoiding unnecessary duplication and research deficiencies.